Research Excellence Award | Celebrating Innovation, Impact & Scientific #pencis #researchawards

Introduction

The Research Excellence Award stands as a distinguished recognition bestowed upon individuals whose contributions have significantly advanced scientific understanding and innovation. This honor celebrates researchers who demonstrate exceptional creativity, rigor, and impact across diverse disciplines. It emphasizes not only the outcomes of their work but also the dedication, intellectual curiosity, and commitment that drive meaningful scientific progress. By acknowledging groundbreaking discoveries and transformative methodologies, the award encourages others to pursue excellence and contribute toward global advancement.

Importance of Scientific Innovation

Scientific innovation lies at the heart of progress, and the Research Excellence Award highlights individuals who push boundaries through novel ideas and pioneering research. These researchers introduce new technologies, develop advanced methodologies, and challenge conventional thinking to address complex problems. Their innovative strategies often lead to breakthroughs that reshape scientific landscapes, strengthen industries, and improve society. The award underscores the crucial role of innovation in sustaining scientific momentum and inspiring future transformative developments.

Advancing Global Knowledge

One of the core objectives of the Research Excellence Award is to honor individuals whose contributions expand global knowledge across multiple fields. Whether in biomedical research, engineering, environmental science, or social sciences, awardees produce influential publications, establish new scientific paradigms, and open pathways for future studies. Their work not only enriches academic literature but also provides actionable insights that support evidence-based decision-making, policymaking, and technological growth worldwide.

Impact on Society and Future Research Directions

Recipients of the Research Excellence Award consistently demonstrate research that has measurable societal impact. Their studies often address pressing global challenges such as climate change, disease prevention, sustainable development, and technological advancement. Through their contributions, they guide the trajectory of future research by identifying emerging problems, proposing innovative solutions, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. This impact extends to shaping industries, improving public health, and promoting economic development.

Mentorship and Community Contribution

Beyond producing exceptional research, awardees play a vital role in nurturing the next generation of scientists. Their commitment to mentorship ensures that young researchers receive guidance, training, and opportunities essential for academic and professional growth. They also contribute to the scientific community by participating in collaborative projects, sharing knowledge at conferences, and supporting open science initiatives. Their leadership fosters a culture of curiosity, integrity, and continuous learning.

Inspiring Future Innovators

The Research Excellence Award serves as a powerful source of inspiration for students, early-career scientists, and aspiring researchers. By showcasing remarkable achievements, it encourages individuals to pursue ambitious ideas, embrace challenges, and contribute meaningfully to society. The stories of awardees highlight the value of perseverance, creativity, and disciplined inquiry. Through their accomplishments, future innovators are motivated to explore interdisciplinary approaches and develop research that creates real-world impact.

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#ResearchExcellenceAward, #ScientificInnovation, #GlobalResearch, #AcademicImpact, #FutureScientists, #ResearchLeadership, #STEMAdvancement, #ScientificDiscovery, #InnovativeResearch, #ResearchCommunity, #ScienceAndTechnology, #GlobalChallenges, #ResearchMentorship, #AcademicExcellence, #ResearchImpact, #InterdisciplinaryScience, #KnowledgeAdvancement, #ScientificRigor, #InnovationAward, #ScienceForSociety,

Predictors of Postoperative Pneumonia After Anatomical Lung Resections #pencis #researchawards

Introduction

Postoperative pneumonia (PP) remains one of the most challenging complications following anatomical lung resections in thoracic surgery, contributing significantly to postoperative morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospitalization. Despite technological advancements and improvements in perioperative care, identifying reliable predictors of PP continues to be a priority for thoracic surgeons and clinical researchers. This study addresses this knowledge gap by examining key preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables associated with the development of PP in a large, prospectively collected cohort. By utilizing data from the German Thoracic Registry (GTR), the research provides robust evidence of independent risk factors such as elevated inflammatory markers, impaired lung function, surgical duration, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Understanding these predictors is essential for developing preventive strategies, optimizing perioperative risk assessments, and improving patient outcomes. Additionally, the findings highlight the need for multicenter investigations to validate these associations and support broader clinical application.

Preoperative Inflammatory Markers as Predictors of Postoperative Pneumonia

Elevated inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 20 mg/L and white blood cell (WBC) count ≥ 15,000/µL were found to be significant preoperative predictors of postoperative pneumonia. These biomarkers reflect systemic inflammation, indicating a potentially compromised immune response even before surgical intervention. Their presence suggests that patients entering surgery with heightened inflammatory states may have an increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections after lung resection. This highlights the importance of meticulous preoperative screening, optimization of inflammatory conditions, and early interventions such as targeted antibiotic therapy or enhanced monitoring. Understanding the predictive value of these markers allows clinicians to identify at-risk patients and implement preventive measures to mitigate postoperative complications.

Impact of Poor Pulmonary Function on the Risk of Postoperative Pneumonia

Compromised pulmonary reserve, particularly forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) < 50%, significantly increases the risk of postoperative pneumonia following anatomical lung resections. Reduced lung function not only reflects diminished ventilatory capacity but also affects airway clearance mechanisms, predisposing patients to secretion retention and bacterial colonization. Patients with severe obstructive or restrictive lung diseases may therefore require tailored perioperative respiratory optimization strategies, including pulmonary rehabilitation, bronchodilator therapy, and enhanced postoperative monitoring. Evaluating lung function preoperatively is crucial to determining surgical risk, planning anesthesia, and implementing targeted interventions to reduce pneumonia incidence.

Influence of Surgical Approach and Procedural Duration on Pneumonia Development

Intraoperative factors such as thoracotomy and prolonged operative duration (>180 minutes) were strongly associated with the development of postoperative pneumonia. Thoracotomy, compared to minimally invasive techniques, results in greater surgical trauma, increased postoperative pain, and reduced respiratory mechanics, all contributing to a higher infection risk. Likewise, extended surgical time may increase exposure to anesthetics, airway manipulation, and inflammatory responses. Understanding how the surgical approach and duration affect postoperative outcomes underscores the need for adopting minimally invasive strategies whenever feasible and improving operative efficiency. This approach can reduce patient morbidity and enhance recovery after thoracic surgery.

Postoperative Critical Care Factors and Their Role in Pneumonia Risk

Postoperative factors such as Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours were found to significantly elevate the risk of developing postoperative pneumonia. Extended ventilation increases the likelihood of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to impaired airway defenses and prolonged exposure to invasive respiratory support. Similarly, ICU admission often reflects more severe clinical conditions, necessitating aggressive management but also increasing susceptibility to nosocomial infections. These findings highlight the importance of timely extubation protocols, early mobilization, and refined ICU care strategies to minimize respiratory complications in high-risk thoracic surgery patients.

Impact of Postoperative Pneumonia on Surgical Outcomes and Mortality

Postoperative pneumonia was associated with markedly worse clinical outcomes, including a higher perioperative mortality rate (10.3% vs. 1.2%) and significantly prolonged hospital stays. These consequences highlight the profound impact of PP on patient recovery, healthcare utilization, and overall survival following anatomical lung resections. The substantial increase in mortality underscores the need for rigorous risk assessment, prompt diagnosis, and aggressive management of pulmonary complications. Incorporating identified predictors into clinical practice can support early intervention strategies and reduce the burden of postoperative pneumonia. Furthermore, multicenter validation studies are essential to refine predictive models and guide evidence-based perioperative care.

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Hashtags

#PostoperativePneumonia, #ThoracicSurgeryResearch, #LungResectionRisks, #SurgicalComplications, #PulmonaryInfection, #ThoracotomyOutcomes, #ClinicalPredictors, #PerioperativeCare, #InflammatoryMarkers, #PulmonaryFunction, #SurgicalRiskAssessment, #MechanicalVentilationRisk, #ICUManagement, #PatientOutcomes, #ClinicalEpidemiology, #RespiratoryComplications, #ThoracicRegistry, #EvidenceBasedSurgery, #LungHealth, #MedicalResearch,

Advancing Human Skin Models with Omics Technologies | Metagenomics #pencis #researchawards

Introduction

The human skin microbiota represents a dynamic and diverse ecosystem that profoundly influences cutaneous physiology and disease. Recent progress in multi-omic technologies—including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics—has transformed our ability to decode the functional landscape of the skin–microbiota interface. This topic introduces the concept of microbial dysbiosis and its association with dermatological disorders such as acne, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Additionally, it outlines how integrating omics-based research into advanced in vitro skin models allows for a more accurate simulation of host–microbiome interactions, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring skin health.

Multi-Omic Profiling of Skin Microbial Diversity

Multi-omic approaches provide a holistic understanding of the composition, function, and metabolic capabilities of the skin microbiome. Metagenomics reveals microbial community structure, while metatranscriptomics uncovers active gene expression patterns that shift under pathological conditions. Metaproteomics identifies functional proteins secreted by microbes and host cells, and metabolomics profiles bioactive metabolites shaping immune responses and skin barrier function. This topic examines how integrating these complementary layers enables researchers to map the complex, dynamic microbiome landscape with unprecedented resolution.

Omics-Driven Advances in In Vitro Skin Model Development

Traditional skin models often fail to capture the complexity of human skin–microbiota interactions. Recent breakthroughs incorporate multi-omic datasets to refine 2D and 3D skin constructs, enabling more accurate modeling of microbial colonization, barrier integrity, and inflammatory responses. This topic evaluates how organotypic skin cultures, microfluidic skin-on-chip systems, and immunocompetent models benefit from omic-informed design, improving their predictive value for studying disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.

Integrating Immune and Endothelial Components into Skin Models

The inclusion of immune cells (e.g., macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells) and endothelial networks is essential for replicating the true human skin microenvironment. This topic explores how advanced in vitro models incorporating these elements allow researchers to investigate the immunological and vascular responses triggered by microbiota-derived molecules. By combining omic analysis with complex skin constructs, researchers can better understand host defense mechanisms, inflammatory signaling pathways, and pathogen–host interactions relevant to chronic skin diseases.

Omics-Guided Discovery of Novel Therapeutic Targets

Omics datasets offer a powerful platform for identifying previously unrecognized therapeutic targets linked to microbial dysbiosis and skin pathology. This topic highlights how functional profiling of microbial gene expression, host signaling pathways, and metabolite networks enables the discovery of molecules involved in barrier repair, immune modulation, and microbiome stabilization. Such insights support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies including microbiome-based interventions, targeted inhibitors, postbiotic formulations, and precision skincare approaches.

Future Perspectives in Skin–Microbiota Research Using Multi-Omic Strategies

As multi-omic tools continue to evolve, their integration into skin research will advance personalized medicine and expand our understanding of host–microbiome interactions. This topic discusses emerging technologies such as single-cell multi-omics, spatial transcriptomics, and AI-driven data integration, which will enable deeper insights into microbe–host dynamics at spatial and temporal scales. These innovations promise to enhance diagnostic capabilities, optimize therapeutic development, and transform in vitro skin models into more physiologically relevant platforms.

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Hashtags

#SkinMicrobiome, #DermatologyResearch, #OmicsTechnologies, #Metagenomics, #Metatranscriptomics, #Metaproteomics, #Metabolomics, #SkinModels, #MicrobiomeScience, #InflammatorySkinDiseases, #PsoriasisResearch, #AcneResearch, #AtopicDermatitis, #SeborrheicDermatitis, #HostMicrobeInteractions, #SkinBarrierFunction, #PersonalizedDermatology, #MicrobiomeTherapeutics, #SkinOnChip, #TranslationalDermatology,

Overview of the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Skin Disorder #pencis #researchawards

 

Introduction

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) represents a multifactorial autoimmune skin disorder in which genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and immunological disturbances converge to initiate and sustain chronic inflammation. Ultraviolet radiation, smoking, and certain medications are capable of inducing keratinocyte apoptosis, resulting in the release of nucleic acids that activate innate immune sensors. This activation promotes the production of type I and type III interferons, fueling a feed-forward inflammatory cycle. Emerging evidence suggests that several skin-resident and infiltrating immune cells—including keratinocytes, dendritic cells, T cells, B cells, neutrophils, and macrophages—play essential roles in modulating disease severity. Understanding these cellular interactions is central to developing precise molecular interventions.

Emerging Insights Into Keratinocyte-Driven Interferon Signaling

Recent studies highlight keratinocytes as primary contributors to the interferon-rich microenvironment that precedes visible CLE lesions. Upon exposure to UV radiation or other environmental stressors, keratinocytes undergo apoptosis and release nucleic acids that activate pattern-recognition receptors. This activity enhances the production of type I IFNs, challenging the classical paradigm that plasmacytoid dendritic cells are the principal interferon producers. The keratinocyte-driven IFN response attracts and activates multiple inflammatory cell subsets, indicating that therapeutic strategies targeting keratinocyte signaling could modify early disease progression and reduce flares.

Dendritic Cell and Myeloid Cell Dysregulation in the CLE Microenvironment

Dendritic cells, including inflammatory myeloid subsets, are increasingly recognized for their pivotal roles in amplifying cutaneous inflammation. Although plasmacytoid dendritic cells display functional impairment in CLE, other myeloid cells compensate by producing cytokines, presenting autoantigens, and promoting T-cell activation. This dysregulated myeloid activity creates a sustained inflammatory niche that perpetuates tissue damage. Characterizing the transcriptomic and functional profiles of these myeloid populations is essential for developing targeted inhibitors capable of interrupting disease amplification at its source.

T-Cell-Mediated Tissue Damage and Immune Propagation

Cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells infiltrate CLE skin and directly contribute to basal keratinocyte destruction. Meanwhile, CD4⁺ T cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines that enhance dendritic cell activation, B-cell differentiation, and interferon production. This coordinated T-cell response not only drives lesion formation but also maintains chronicity by reinforcing innate immune activation. Current research is exploring surface receptors, cytokine signatures, and T-cell clonality patterns that may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for modulating T-cell-driven pathology.

Autoantibody Production, Immune Complex Formation, and B-Cell Activation

B cells and plasma cells play central roles in CLE by generating autoantibodies that recognize nuclear antigens released during keratinocyte apoptosis. These autoantibodies combine with antigens to form immune complexes, which deposit in the skin and trigger pro-inflammatory cascades via complement activation and Fc-receptor engagement. Persistent autoantibody production contributes to lesion chronicity and systemic immune activation. Ongoing research focuses on delineating the mechanisms that support B-cell survival in inflamed skin and evaluating novel therapeutics that disrupt antigen presentation or B-cell signaling pathways.

Neutrophil and Macrophage Contributions to Chronic Inflammation

Neutrophils exacerbate CLE through the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), exposing autoantigens and activating interferon pathways. Macrophages, although essential for tissue homeostasis, become dysfunctional in CLE by failing to clear apoptotic cells and immune complexes efficiently. They further intensify inflammation through excessive cytokine secretion and antigen presentation. Understanding how these innate immune cells interact with keratinocyte-derived signals and adaptive immune responses may reveal new therapeutic angles aimed at restoring immune resolution and reducing tissue damage.

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Hashtags

#CutaneousLupus, #CLEResearch, #AutoimmuneSkinDisease, #Immunopathogenesis, #KeratinocyteBiology, #InterferonPathways, #Autoantibodies, #DendriticCells, #MyeloidCells, #TCellImmunity, #BCellActivation, #NETosis, #MacrophageDysfunction, #SkinInflammation, #UVInducedDamage, #DermatoImmunology, #LupusPathogenesis, #PrecisionDermatology, #TranslationalImmunology, #InflammatorySkinDisorders,

Multiple Postoperative Neuropathies After Open Total Hysterectomy #pencis #researchawards

Introduction

Morbid obesity significantly increases the risk of perioperative neuropathies due to a combination of mechanical compression, altered tissue perfusion, and metabolic vulnerability. The presented case of a 49-year-old woman undergoing open total hysterectomy highlights the rare but clinically important occurrence of multiple nerve injuries arising simultaneously after surgery. Despite careful preoperative positioning, the patient developed progressive neuropathic symptoms involving both the upper and lower limbs, illustrating the complexity of managing obese patients in surgical settings. Persistent iliopsoas weakness, long-term sensory deficits, and delayed diabetes mellitus diagnosis underline the multifactorial nature of nerve injury in obese individuals. This case emphasizes the need for meticulous intraoperative monitoring, optimal positioning, and early multidisciplinary intervention to improve outcomes.

Pathophysiology of Multiple Perioperative Neuropathies in Morbid Obesity

The coexistence of multiple neuropathies following surgery in morbidly obese patients suggests an interplay between mechanical compression, impaired microcirculation, and metabolic derangements. Excess adipose tissue increases susceptibility to traction injuries and prolonged pressure on peripheral nerves, especially during Trendelenburg positioning. Additionally, subclinical metabolic disorders—later revealed as diabetes in this case—may silently exacerbate nerve vulnerability. Understanding these mechanisms is essential to improving surgical planning and reducing postoperative nerve complications.

Intraoperative Positioning Challenges and Risk Mitigation Strategies

The case illustrates how positioning devices, pillow height, arm abduction angles, and retractor placement can collectively contribute to neuropathy when not continuously reassessed. Morbidly obese patients require individualized positioning protocols with regular intraoperative checks due to shifting soft tissue and prolonged operative times. Research into advanced pressure-mapping systems, optimized surgical tables, and automated alerts may improve the prevention of nerve injuries during gynecological and abdominal surgeries.

Diagnostic Evaluation of Postoperative Neuropathy

Timely diagnosis is crucial for differentiating between reversible mechanical nerve injury and serious complications such as epidural hematoma. In this patient, postoperative imaging excluded hematoma, helping clinicians focus on neuropathic etiologies. Future research should explore early biomarkers, high-resolution nerve imaging, and electrophysiological monitoring to accelerate diagnosis, reduce uncertainty, and guide appropriate interventions in high-risk obese populations.

Rehabilitation Approaches and Long-Term Functional Outcomes

Persistent iliopsoas weakness and gait disturbance required prolonged rehabilitation supported by neuropathic pain management using pregabalin. Despite partial improvement, long-term deficits remained, reflecting the severe functional impact of multi-nerve injuries. Studies are needed to evaluate tailored rehabilitation programs, neuromodulation techniques, and metabolic optimization to improve recovery trajectories in obese patients experiencing perioperative neuropathy.

The Role of Metabolic Disorders, Including Undiagnosed Diabetes, in Nerve Injury

The later diagnosis of diabetes mellitus highlights the importance of metabolic screening before major surgery, particularly in morbidly obese individuals. Unrecognized hyperglycemia and microvascular dysfunction may prime nerves for injury even before surgical stress occurs. Future research should investigate the role of preoperative metabolic optimization, glycemic thresholds, and nerve-protective therapies to minimize complications in high-risk surgical patients.

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#MorbidObesity, #PerioperativeNeuropathy, #SurgicalComplications, #HysterectomyCaseReport, #NerveInjury, #TrendelenburgPosition, #ObesityRisks, #PeripheralNeuropathy, #PostoperativeCare, #MetabolicHealth, #DiabetesDiagnosis, #ClinicalManagement, #RehabilitationMedicine, #PregabalinTherapy, #NerveCompression, #SurgicalPositioning, #GynecologicSurgery, #PatientSafety, #CaseStudy, #MedicalResearch,

Antimicrobial Resistance of Mastitis-Causing Bacteria in Dairy Cows #pencis #researchawards

Introduction

Subclinical mastitis remains one of the most challenging and economically significant diseases affecting dairy herds worldwide, primarily due to its silent progression and detrimental impact on milk quality and reproductive performance. In the Upper Cheliff Region of Northern Algeria, this condition is increasingly recognized as a major factor limiting dairy productivity, prompting the need for detailed epidemiological and microbiological investigations. The present study evaluates the prevalence of subclinical mastitis among dairy cows, identifies the dominant bacterial pathogens involved, and assesses their antimicrobial resistance patterns. Through advanced diagnostic tools, including the California Mastitis Test, MALDI-TOF MS, and antimicrobial susceptibility assays, this research highlights the burden of infection and its direct consequences on milk yield and reproductive outcomes. Understanding these elements is essential for designing effective prevention and management strategies to safeguard animal health and enhance farm profitability.

Prevalence and Epidemiology of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows

The epidemiological profile of subclinical mastitis in the Upper Cheliff Region demonstrates a high burden of infection, with a cow-level prevalence of 58.9% and quarter-level prevalence of 31.1%. These figures indicate the widespread yet often undetected nature of the disease, which poses substantial threats to herd performance. The study reveals significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of subclinical mastitis, including cow parity, reduced milk production below 12 liters per day, poor hygiene conditions, and a history of previous mastitis episodes. These findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and barn-level management to detect early signs and reduce pathogen spread.

Bacteriological Profile and Pathogen Distribution

The characterization of bacterial isolates demonstrates that Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis are the predominant pathogens contributing to subclinical mastitis in the region, together accounting for nearly half of all isolates. Non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were also detected at varying frequencies, showcasing the polymicrobial nature of the infection. The use of MALDI-TOF MS provided high-accuracy identification, allowing for a deeper understanding of the pathogen ecology within dairy herds. Such insights are crucial for tailoring mastitis prevention programs that target specific bacterial groups known for their persistence and pathogenicity.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Public Health Concerns

The antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed both reassuring and alarming trends. While most isolates showed low resistance rates to commonly used veterinary and human antimicrobials, certain pathogens displayed concerning resistance patterns. Coagulase-negative staphylococci exhibited notable methicillin resistance (22.2%), and elevated resistance against fosfomycin (37.8%) and tetracycline (31.1%). Escherichia coli isolates showed substantial resistance to piperacillin and ciprofloxacin. Although all Staphylococcus aureus isolates were methicillin-sensitive, the presence of resistant strains in other species raises concerns about therapeutic failures and the potential spread of antimicrobial resistance within and beyond the veterinary sector.

Impact of Subclinical Mastitis on Reproductive Performance

Beyond milk production losses, the study highlights significant negative effects of subclinical mastitis on reproductive efficiency. Infected cows exhibited prolonged calving-to-first-service intervals, averaging 130 days compared to 102.7 days in healthy cows. They also required more services per conception and experienced nearly half the pregnancy rate at first service. These impairments reflect the systemic influence of intramammary infections on metabolic and hormonal pathways, ultimately affecting fertility. Farms with high mastitis prevalence therefore face compounded economic losses, emphasizing the necessity of integrated herd health management.

Management Strategies and Recommendations for Dairy Farms

Effective control of subclinical mastitis requires a multifaceted management approach addressing hygiene practices, early diagnosis, targeted treatment, and routine monitoring of antimicrobial resistance trends. Improving barn cleanliness, implementing regular CMT screening, and adopting pathogen-directed therapy can significantly reduce infection loads. Educating farmers about risk factors and promoting prudent antibiotic use are equally critical to prevent resistance escalation. The study’s findings provide essential evidence for guiding veterinary practitioners and farm managers in formulating sustainable control strategies that enhance productivity and ensure milk safety.

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Hashtags

#mastitisresearch, #subclinicalmastitis, #dairycowhealth, #bacterialinfection, #antimicrobialresistance, #dairymicrobiology, #milkquality, #enterococcus, #staphylococci, #ecoli, #veterinaryscience, #animalhealth, #dairyfarming, #reproductiveperformance, #milkproductionloss, #MALDITOF, #veterinaryepidemiology, #cowmanagement, #dairyherdhealth, #UpperCheliffRegion,

Origanum vulgare Oil: A Powerful New Therapy for Dermal Bacterial Infections #pencis #researchawards

 

Introduction

Bacterial dermatological infections have become increasingly difficult to treat due to the alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance, prompting the scientific community to explore new therapeutic approaches. Among the promising alternatives, phytocompounds have gained growing attention for their broad pharmacological effects and improved safety profiles. Origanum vulgare L. essential oil, known for its potent antibacterial, anti-aging, and wound-healing activities, represents a valuable natural candidate for innovative dermatological treatments. However, its direct use on the skin is restricted by limitations such as instability and potential irritation due to dermal accumulation. To overcome these drawbacks, the development of an emulgel formulation incorporating oregano oil has emerged as a novel strategy to enhance its stability, improve dermal absorption, and minimize adverse effects. This research explores the formulation, stability, antimicrobial performance, and in vivo skin tolerance of this new emulgel system.

Rationale for Using Origanum vulgare L. Oil in Dermatological Therapy

Origanum vulgare L. oil possesses a complex phytochemical composition rich in bioactive constituents such as carvacrol and thymol, which are well known for their broad-spectrum antibacterial, antioxidant, and regenerative properties. These characteristics make it a highly attractive candidate for addressing bacterial skin infections and promoting tissue repair, especially in cases where synthetic antibiotics may fail due to resistance. However, its volatile nature and susceptibility to environmental degradation necessitate advanced formulation strategies. An emulgel system offers a suitable vehicle to maintain the oil’s therapeutic potency while preventing irritation and optimizing penetration into the epidermal layers.

Technological Process of Emulgel Formulation with Oregano Oil

The formulation of the oregano oil–based emulgel followed standardized technological steps to ensure optimal quality, stability, and therapeutic performance. The process involved preparing an oil phase and aqueous phase, incorporating appropriate gelling agents, emulsifiers, and stabilizers, followed by homogenization to achieve a uniform semi-solid texture. Particular attention was given to selecting excipients that enhance oil dispersion and minimize irritation. The final product underwent strict quality control testing, ensuring that its consistency, homogeneity, viscosity, and appearance met the criteria required for topical dermatological preparations.

Physicochemical and Stability Evaluation of the Emulgel

To determine its suitability for clinical or cosmetic application, the prepared emulgel was subjected to organoleptic evaluation, pH measurement, and accelerated stability testing. Results confirmed that the formulation maintained a stable pH compatible with healthy skin, exhibited no phase separation, and retained its color, odor, and texture throughout the evaluation period. These findings indicate that the emulgel matrix effectively protects the sensitive active ingredients of oregano oil and ensures product integrity during storage and application.

Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Dermatologically Relevant Pathogens

The emulgel demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against clinically significant pathogens, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both commonly associated with skin infections. The antimicrobial effect is attributed to the synergistic action of oregano oil’s active constituents, which disrupt bacterial cell membranes and inhibit microbial proliferation. The emulgel vehicle likely enhances these effects through improved diffusion across the skin barrier, making the formulation a promising non-antibiotic alternative for managing resistant bacterial infections.

In Vivo Skin Irritation Assessment and Clinical Tolerability

A short-term in vivo study involving six patient groups categorized by demographic and skin-type factors demonstrated that the emulgel is well tolerated and does not cause irritation over observation periods ranging from 20 minutes to 96 hours. This clinical assessment validates the safety profile of the formulation and supports its potential for routine dermatological use. The absence of erythema, itching, or other adverse reactions confirms that the emulgel mitigates the irritation risks associated with direct oregano oil application.

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#DermatologyResearch, #AntimicrobialResistance, #OreganoOil, #OriganumVulgare, #EmulgelFormulation, #TopicalTherapeutics, #Phytomedicine, #NaturalAntimicrobials, #SkinInfectionTreatment, #StaphylococcusAureus, #PseudomonasAeruginosa, #WoundHealingAgents, #HerbalDermatology, #Phytocompounds, #TransdermalDelivery, #StabilityTesting, #InVivoStudies, #DermalSafety, #AntibacterialFormulations, #InnovativeTherapeutics,

Healthcare Teams: Understanding Mask-Wearing Attitudes During COVID-19 #pencis #researchawards

 

Introduction

The emergence of COVID-19 heightened global reliance on protective equipment, particularly face masks, making them a central public health measure. This study investigates how socio-demographic characteristics—such as education level and occupation—shape public perception of interprofessional healthcare teams wearing FFP2 masks. Through an online survey of 906 participants assessing attitudes toward team photographs across various attire scenarios, the research aims to uncover implicit beliefs regarding mask effectiveness. By integrating elements of the Health Belief Model (HBM), the study provides insight into how individual attitudes toward preventive behaviors influence real-world decision-making during pandemics.

Influence of Socio-Demographic Factors on Mask Perception

Socio-demographic factors play a critical role in shaping public attitudes toward preventive health measures such as mask-wearing. The findings show that participants’ education and occupational background significantly influenced how they perceived interprofessional teams wearing FFP2 masks. These variations highlight the complexity of public health communication, where different population groups may interpret the same protective behavior through diverse personal, cultural, and professional lenses. Understanding these differences is essential for designing more inclusive and effective health policies.

Perception Differences Between Healthcare Workers and the General Public

A notable finding of the study is the contrasting attitude between healthcare professionals and individuals from other occupational sectors. Healthcare workers appeared more critical of interprofessional teams wearing FFP2 masks, with nearly one-third expressing doubts about mask effectiveness. This skepticism underscores an intriguing paradox: those with the highest exposure to medical knowledge and clinical environments may also develop unique biases shaped by situational fatigue, professional experience, and risk perception. Exploring this contrast is vital in addressing gaps in compliance and communication strategies.

Role of Implicit Attitudes in Public Health Behavior

By examining perceptions of mask-wearing indirectly through the evaluation of team photographs, the study captures implicit attitudes that may not always align with participants’ openly stated beliefs. These underlying perceptions are crucial in shaping real-life behaviors, particularly when individuals face ambiguous or evolving health guidelines. Implicit attitudes can subtly influence adherence to preventive measures, making it important for public health interventions to acknowledge and address both conscious and unconscious factors driving behavior.

Application of the Health Belief Model (HBM) in Understanding Mask Attitudes

The Health Belief Model provides a theoretical foundation to interpret how perceptions of susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers influence adherence to mask-wearing. The study successfully uses HBM to connect participants’ perceptions of interprofessional teams wearing FFP2 masks with broader beliefs about COVID-19 protection. Healthcare professionals’ skepticism, for instance, may reflect perceived barriers or low perceived benefits. Applying HBM offers a deeper understanding of how cognitive processes guide preventive behaviors during a health crisis.

Implications for Future Pandemic Preparedness

The results emphasize the importance of addressing perception gaps among both healthcare workers and the general population to strengthen preparedness for future pandemics. Recognizing the diversity of attitudes toward basic protective measures like mask-wearing can guide the development of targeted educational campaigns, optimized communication strategies, and improved trust-building within communities. These insights are crucial not only for COVID-19 but also for designing adaptable frameworks for future infectious disease outbreaks.

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Hashtags

#COVID19Research, #MaskPerception, #FFP2Masks, #HealthcareTeams, #HealthBeliefModel, #PandemicPreparedness, #PublicHealthAttitudes, #SociodemographicFactors, #HealthcareProfessionals, #PreventiveMeasures, #BehavioralHealth, #ImplicitAttitudes, #HealthCommunication, #COVID19Prevention, #InterprofessionalCare, #MedicalResearch, #PublicHealthPolicy, #EpidemiologyStudy, #InfectionControl, #HealthSurvey,

Optimization of Postoperative Antimicrobial Therapy Using CDSS

Introduction

Optimizing postoperative antimicrobial therapy is a major priority in modern surgical practice due to rising antimicrobial resistance and the persistent risk of healthcare-associated infections. The integration of Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) has emerged as an effective strategy to guide evidence-based prescribing, standardize antimicrobial use, and enhance patient safety. In the context of a multi-year quasi-experimental study, CDSS implementation in a primary-level hospital demonstrated measurable improvements in antimicrobial stewardship within diverse surgical specialties. By analyzing antimicrobial consumption, expenditure trends, and clinical outcomes such as mortality and length of stay, this research highlights the transformative potential of informatics-driven interventions in surgical environments. The findings underscore how targeted digital stewardship can support more rational drug use without compromising patient outcomes.

Impact of CDSS on Antimicrobial Consumption in Surgical Patients

Clinical Decision Support Systems significantly influenced postoperative antimicrobial prescribing patterns by promoting more rational and standardized usage. A 4.4% overall reduction in antimicrobial consumption demonstrates the efficiency of CDSS-driven optimization, while large decreases in specific drug classes such as aminoglycosides (−52.0%), macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (−40.6%), and fluoroquinolones (−32.3%) indicate targeted improvements. These reductions reflect a shift away from broad-spectrum or high-toxicity agents, supporting safer and more appropriate therapeutic choices. This research reveals the value of CDSS tools in modifying prescribing behavior and reducing unnecessary exposure to antimicrobials, which in turn helps limit the development of antimicrobial resistance.

Variability in Antimicrobial Stewardship Outcomes Across Surgical Specialties

The study illustrates how the impact of CDSS may differ across surgical services due to variations in workflow, infection risk, and prescribing habits. Traumatology and Urology showed the most significant reductions in antimicrobial consumption—21.3% and 14.3%, respectively—highlighting areas where CDSS recommendations aligned strongly with clinical practice. These heterogeneous outcomes reinforce the importance of specialty-specific stewardship strategies and suggest that tailored CDSS algorithms may further enhance prescribing accuracy. Understanding the dynamics within individual surgical departments enables hospitals to refine stewardship interventions for maximum clinical and operational benefit.

Influence of CDSS on Antimicrobial Expenditures and Hospital Resource Optimization

The downward trend in antimicrobial expenditures—from 3185.4 to 2733.9 €/1000 patient-days (−14.2%)—demonstrates that CDSS-supported stewardship can effectively reduce pharmacy costs. Although the change did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.17), the financial impact indicates potential long-term savings, especially in high-consumption settings. Reduced use of expensive broad-spectrum antibiotics directly contributes to budget optimization, while improved prescribing efficiency may also reduce downstream costs associated with adverse events or antimicrobial resistance. This topic highlights the economic value of integrating CDSS technologies within hospital stewardship programs.

Clinical Outcomes: Mortality Stability and Reductions in Length of Stay

A central strength of the CDSS-driven antimicrobial stewardship approach is that it improved resource utilization without compromising patient safety. Mortality rates remained stable, confirming that reduced antimicrobial exposure did not negatively affect clinical outcomes. Significant reductions in length of stay (LOS) were observed in key surgical services—Urology (5 to 4 days) and Traumatology (16 to 8.5 days)—suggesting faster recovery and fewer complications. These improvements reflect timely de-escalation, discontinuation, and optimization of therapy, supporting the role of CDSS in enhancing both patient flow and clinical efficiency within surgical departments.

Stewardship Interventions and Acceptance of CDSS Recommendations

High acceptance of stewardship recommendations (76.1%) demonstrates strong clinician engagement with CDSS-guided antimicrobial management. The most frequent interventions—discontinuation of antimicrobials (25.8%), transition to oral therapy (21.0%), and de-escalation (18.7%)—reflect core stewardship principles aimed at minimizing unnecessary exposure while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness. The substantial number of recommendations issued (476 for 330 patients) highlights the proactive nature of the CDSS in identifying optimization opportunities. This topic emphasizes how integrating decision support into clinical workflows can strengthen stewardship culture, enhance prescriber confidence, and promote sustainable antimicrobial use.

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Hashtags

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